Advaita Sāṃkhya Sūtras

Chapter 4: Guṇavādādhyāyaḥ

“String Theory”

4.1

गुणवाद इति निर्गुणब्रह्म विवर्तितं दशगुणस्पन्देन ॥ ४.१ ॥
guṇavāda iti nirguṇabrahma vivartitaṃ daśaguṇaspandena ‖ 4.1 ‖

~~~

guṇavādaḥ: string theory; iti: according to; nirguṇa-brahma: unqualified + source; vivartitam: apparently changed; daśaguṇa-spandena: through tenfold + vibration

“String theory states that the unqualified source is apparently changed through tenfold vibration.”

4.2

चतुष्पथो दशगुणस्य प्रमेयद्वंद्वाः ॥ ४.२ ॥
catuṣpatho daśaguṇasya prameyadvaṃdvāḥ ‖ 4.2 ‖

~~~

catuṣpathaḥ: the four dimensions; daśaguṇasya: of the ten strings; prameya-dvaṃdvāḥ: measurable + pairs of opposites

“The four dimensions of the ten strings are measurable pairs of opposites.”

4.3

पुरुषः प्रतिरूपकारणम् ॥ ४.३ ॥
puruṣaḥ pratirūpakāraṇam ‖ 4.3 ‖

~~~

puruṣaḥ: spirit; pratirūpakāraṇam: formal cause

“Spirit is the formal cause.”

4.4

प्रकृतिर् उपादानकारणम् ॥ ४.४ ॥
prakṛtir upādānakāraṇam ‖ 4.4 ‖

~~~

prakrtiḥ: nature; upādānakāraṇam: material cause

“Nature is the material cause.”

4.5

पुरुषो विद्याशयः प्रकृतिर् अविद्याशयः ॥ ४.५ ॥
puruṣo vidyāśayaḥ prakṛtir avidyāśayaḥ ‖ 4.5 ‖

~~~

puruṣaḥ: spirit; vidyā-āśayaḥ: of wisdom + abode; prakrtiḥ: nature; avidyā-āśayaḥ: of ignorance + abode

“Spirit is the abode of wisdom; nature is the abode of ignorance.”

4.6

पुरुषप्रकृती अलौकिकद्वंद्वम् ॥ ४.६ ॥
puruṣaprakṛtī alaukikadvaṃdvam ‖ 4.6 ‖

~~~

puruṣa-prakrtī: spirit + nature; alaukika-dvaṃdvam: non-local + pair of opposites

“Spirit and nature are the nonlocal pair of opposites.”

4.7

तस्येश्वरः संयोगः ॥ ४.७ ॥
tasyeśvaraḥ saṃyogaḥ ‖ 4.7 ‖

~~~

tasya: of that; īśvaraḥ: oversoul; saṃyogaḥ: union

“The oversoul is the union of that pair of opposites.”

4.8

ईश्वरो निमित्तकारणम् ॥ ४.८ ॥
īśvaro nimittakāraṇam ‖ 4.8 ‖

~~~

īśvaraḥ: oversoul; nimittakāraṇam: efficient cause

“The oversoul is the efficient cause.”

4.9

पुरुषो ज्ञः प्रकृतिर् ज्ञेयम् ईश्वरो ज्ञानम् ॥ ४.९ ॥
puruṣo jñaḥ prakṛtir jñeyam īśvaro jñānam ‖ 4.9 ‖

~~~

puruṣaḥ: spirit; jñaḥ: knower; prakṛtiḥ: nature; jñeyam: known; īśvaraḥ: oversoul; jñānam: knowledge

“Spirit is the knower; nature is the known; the oversoul is the knowledge.”

4.10

त्रिगुणब्रह्म पुरुषेश्वरप्रकृतयः ॥ ४.१० ॥
triguṇabrahma puruṣeśvaraprakṛtayaḥ ‖ 4.10 ‖

~~~

triguṇa-brahma: threefold + source; puruṣa-īśvara-prakṛtayaḥ: spirit + oversoul + nature

“The threefold source is:

4.11

तत् त्रयं प्रधानम् ॥ ४.११ ॥
tat trayaṃ pradhānam ‖ 4.11 ‖

~~~

tat: that; trayam: triad; pradhānam: major

“That triad is major.”

4.12

तत्षड्गुणवैषम्यस्य संयुक्तसाम्यं सप्तगुणब्रह्मैव सदानन्दचिज्जीवसत्त्वरजस्तमांसि ॥ ४.१२ ॥
tatṣaḍguṇavaiṣamyasya saṃyuktasāmyaṃ saptaguṇabrahmaiva sadānandacijjīvasattvarajastamāṃsi ‖ 4.12 ‖

~~~

tad-ṣaḍguṇa-vaiṣamyasya: of its + sixfold + inequality; saṃyukta-sāmyam: combined + equality; saptaguṇa-brahma: sevenfold + source; eva: just so; sat-ānanda-cit-jīva-sattva-rajas-tamāṃsi: existence + bliss + consciousness + soul + mind + emotion + physics

“The sevenfold source is the combined equality of its sixfold inequality:

4.13

एतत् सप्तकम् अप्रधानम् ॥ ४.१३ ॥
etat saptakam apradhānam ‖ 4.13 ‖

~~~

etat: this; saptakam: heptad; apradhānam: minor

“This heptad is minor.”

4.14

सदानन्दचितः पौरुषत्रयं सत्त्वरजस्तमांसि प्राकृतत्रयम् ॥ ४.१४ ॥
sadānandacitaḥ pauruṣatrayaṃ sattvarajastamāṃsi prākṛtatrayam ‖ 4.14 ‖

~~~

sat-ānanda-citaḥ: existence + bliss + consciousness; pauruṣa-trayam: spritual + triad; sattva-rajas-tamāṃsi: mind + emotion + physics; prākṛta-trayam: material + triad

“Existence, bliss, and consciousness are the spiritual triad; mind, emotion, and physics are the material triad.”

4.15

सत्तमसी आनन्दरजसी चित्सत्त्वे लौकिकद्वंद्वाः ॥ ४.१५ ॥
sattamasī ānandarajasī citsattve laukikadvaṃdvāḥ ‖ 4.15 ‖

~~~

sat-tamasī: existence + physics; ānanda-rajasī: bliss + emotion; cit-sattve: consciousness + mind; laukika-dvaṃdvāḥ: local + pairs of opposites

“Existence and physics, bliss and emotion, and consciousness and mind are the local pairs of opposites.”

4.16

एतयोस् त्रययोर् एतेषां द्वंद्वानां जीवः संयोगश् च ॥ ४.१६ ॥
etayos trayayor eteṣāṃ dvaṃdvānāṃ jīvaḥ saṃyogaś ca ‖ 4.16 ‖

~~~

etayoḥ: of these; trayayoḥ: of triads; eteṣām: of these; dvaṃdvānāṃ: of pairs of opposites; jīvaḥ: soul; saṃyogaḥ: union; ca: and

“The soul is the union of these triads and of these pairs of opposites.”

4.17

जीवः सनातनांश ईश्वरस्य ॥ ४.१७ ॥
jīvaḥ sanātanāṃśa īśvarasya ‖ 4.17 ‖

~~~

jīvaḥ: soul; sanātana-aṃśaḥ: eternal + part; īśvarasya: of the oversoul

“The soul is an eternal part of the oversoul.”

4.18

सदानन्दचितो मुमुक्षुत्ववैराग्यविवेकाशयः सत्त्वरजस्तमांस्य् अस्मितारागद्वेषाभिनिवेशाशयः ॥ ४.१८ ॥
sadānandacito mumukṣutvavairāgyavivekāśayaḥ sattvarajastamāṃsy asmitārāgadveṣābhiniveśāśayaḥ ‖ 4.18 ‖

~~~

sat-ānanda-citaḥ: existence + bliss + consciousness; mumukṣutva-vairāgya-viveka-āśayaḥ: of seeking liberation + non-attachment + discernment + abode; sattva-rajas-tamāṃsi: mind + emotion + physics; asmitā-rāgadveṣa-abhiniveśa-āśayaḥ: of egotism + attachment and aversion + inertia + abode

“Existence, bliss, and consciousness are the abodes of seeking liberation, non-attachment, and discernment; mind, emotion, and physics are the abodes of egotism, attachment and aversion, and inertia.”

4.19

निर्गुणब्रह्म पारमार्थिकसत्यं त्रिगुणब्रह्म प्राधानिकसत्यं सप्तगुणब्रह्म व्यावहारिकसत्यम् ॥ ४.१९ ॥
nirguṇabrahma pāramārthikasatyaṃ triguṇabrahma prādhānikasatyaṃ saptaguṇabrahma vyāvahārikasatyam ‖ 4.19 ‖

~~~

nirguṇa-brahma: unqualified + source; pāramārthika-satyam: absolute + reality; triguṇa-brahma: threefold + source; prādhānika-satyam: primary + reality; saptaguṇa-brahma: sevenfold + source; vyāvahārika-satyam: transactional + reality

“The unqualified source is the absolute reality; the threefold source is the primary reality; the sevenfold source is the transactional reality.”

4.20

त्रिगुणब्रह्म सप्तगुणब्रह्मैकत्र पूर्णदशगुणब्रह्म ॥ ४.२० ॥
triguṇabrahma saptaguṇabrahmaikatra pūrṇadaśaguṇabrahma ‖ 4.20 ‖

~~~

triguṇa-brahma: threefold + source; saptaguṇa-brahma: sevenfold + source; ekatra: together; pūrṇa-daśaguṇa-brahma: complete + tenfold + source

“The threefold source and the sevenfold source together are the complete tenfold source.”