Advaita Sāṃkhya Sūtras

Chapter 6: Kālavādādhyāyaḥ

“The Doctrine of Time”

6.1

कालवाद इति कालश् चाक्रसंसारः प्रतिसंयम् ॥ ६.१ ॥
kālavāda iti kālaś cākrasaṃsāraḥ pratisāmyam ‖ 6.1 ‖

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kālavādaḥ: doctrine of time; iti: according to; kālaḥ: time; cākra-saṃsāraḥ: cyclical + passage; prati-sāmyam: toward + equality

“The doctrine of time states that time is the cyclical passage toward equality.”

6.2

सप्तगुणो द्वादशारपरिवृतः कालचक्रस्यैव द्वादशमः सति षष्ठस्तमसि ॥ ६.२ ॥
saptaguno dvādaśāraparivṛtaḥ kālacakrasyaiva dvādaśamaḥ sati ṣaṣṭhastamasi ‖ 6.2 ‖

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saptaguṇaḥ: seven strings; dvādaśāra-parivṛtaḥ: by twelve spokes + encircled; kālacakrasya: of the wheel of time; eva: just so; dvādaśamaḥ: twelfth; sati: in existence; ṣaṣṭhaḥ: sixth; tamasi: in physics

“The seven strings are encircled by the twelve spokes of the wheel of time:

6.3

प्रतीत्यानित्यपरम्पराः ॥ ६.३ ॥
pratītyānityaparamparāḥ ‖ 6.3 ‖

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pratītya-anitya-paramparāḥ: dependent + impermanent + successive

“They are dependent, impermanent, and successive.”

6.4

धर्मसर्पिणी तृतीयारान् नवमारे सुखं भवसर्पिणी नवमारात् तृतीयारे दुःखम् ॥ ६.४ ॥
dharmasarpiṇī tṛtīyārān navamāre sukhaṃ bhavasarpiṇī navamārāt tṛtīyāre duḥkham ‖ 6.4 ‖

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dharmasarpiṇī: arc of law; tṛtīyārāt: from the third + spoke; navamārāt: to the ninth + spoke; sukham: happiness; bhavasarpiṇī: arc of rebirth; navamārāt: from the ninth + spoke; tṛtīyāre: to the third + spoke; duḥkham: suffering

“The arc of law from the ninth to the third spoke is happiness; the arc of rebirth from the third to the ninth spoke is suffering.”

6.5

अवसर्पिणी द्वादशमारात् षष्ठारे संचर उत्सर्पिणी षष्ठाराद् द्वादशमारे प्रतिसंचरः ॥ ६.५ ॥
avasarpiṇī dvādaśamārāt ṣaṣṭhāre saṃcara utsarpiṇī ṣaṣṭhārād dvādaśamāre pratisaṃcaraḥ ‖ 6.5 ‖

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avasarpiṇī: descending arc; dvādaśamārāt: from the twelfth + spoke; ṣaṣṭhāre: to the sixth + spoke; saṃcaraḥ: evolution; utsarpiṇī: ascending arc; ṣaṣṭhārād: from the sixth + spoke; dvādaśamāre: to the twelfth + spoke; pratisaṃcaraḥ: involution

“The descending arc from the twelfth to the sixth spoke is evolution; the ascending arc from the sixth to the twelfth spoke is involution.”

6.6

प्रत्येकम् अरोऽनन्तचक्रमयश् चक्रेषु ॥ ६.६ ॥
pratyekam aro’nantacakramayaś cakreṣu ‖ 6.6 ‖

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pratyekam: each; araḥ: spoke; ananta-cakra-mayaḥ: endless + wheels + consisting of; cakreṣu: within wheels

“Each spoke consists of endless wheels within wheels.”

6.7

संसरणवृत्तयः ॥ ६.७ ॥
saṃsaraṇavṛttayaḥ ‖ 6.7 ‖

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saṃsaraṇa-vṛttayaḥ: transmigrating + modifications

“They are transmigrating modifications.”

6.8

धर्मसर्पिण्यां पौरुषधर्मा भवसर्पिण्यां प्राकृतभवाः ॥ ६.८ ॥
dharmasarpiṇyāṃ pauruṣadharmā bhavasarpiṇyāṃ prākṛtabhavāḥ ‖ 6.8 ‖

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dharmasarpiṇyām: in the arc of law; paurusa-dharmāḥ: spiritual + laws; bhavasarpiṇyām: in the arc of rebirth; prākṛta-bhavāḥ: material + things

“Modifications in the arc of law are spiritual laws; modifications in the arc of rebirth are material things.”

6.9

अवसर्पिण्यां प्रवृत्तय उत्सर्पिण्यां निवृत्तयः ॥ ६.९ ॥
avasarpiṇyāṃ pravṛttaya utsarpiṇyāṃ nivṛttayaḥ ‖ 6.9 ‖

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avasarpinyām: in the descending arc; pravṛttayaḥ: spinning without; utsarpinyām: in the ascending arc; nivṛttayaḥ: spinning within

“Modifications in the descending arc are spinning without; modifications in the ascending arc are spinning within.”

6.10

अन्योन्याभिभवाश्रयजननमिथुनास् तरंगावत्यः ॥ ६.१० ॥
anyonyābhibhavāśrayajananamithunās taraṃgāvatyaḥ ‖ 6.10 ‖

~~~

anyonya-abhibhava-āśraya-janana-mithunāḥ: mutually + suppressive + supportive + generative + interactive; taraṃgāvatyaḥ: like waves

“Like waves, modifications are mutually suppressive, supportive, generative, and interactive.”